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选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 教学辅导,
虚度的时光, 无法挽回。
(=time which is lost)
(2)后置定语
①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能
作后置定语。
Everything used should be marked．
所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
② 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。
Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?
(=that has been planned for tonight)
3. We drank some boiled water (=which had boiled )and went on with our work.
我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。
注意:
这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。
1）Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. (MET 90)
A.invited B. to invite
C.being invited D. had been invited
2）The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (NMET 94)
A. having written B. to be written
C. being written D. written
3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didn’t include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
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C. first played D. to be first playing
4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. (2002年全国春)
A. are bought B. bought
C. been bought D. buying
5) Mr. Smith,____ of the speech, started to read a ____ novel. (2003 北京春)
A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored
C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring
二、动词-ed形式作表语
过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，
而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：
He looked worried after reading the letter．
看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。
When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．
当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea．
听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。
常见的作表语的过去分词有:
amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的)；delighted(高兴的)；lost(丢失的)；
gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的)；tired(疲劳的)；pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的)；married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等
作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。
I was very pleased at the news．听了这消息我很高兴。
1）Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour. (NMET98)
A. pay B. paying
C. paid D. to pay
2) As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends. (NEMT 2001)
A. separated B. spared
C. lost D. missed
3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing. (2004 上海)
A. seat B. seating
C. seated D. to be seating
三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
She found the door broken in when she came back． 她回来时发现有人破门而入。
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